Unicode

You may be asking, what is a Unicode? Well, as stated from the dictionary, an international encoding standard for use with different languages and scripts, by which each letter, digit, or symbol is assigned a unique numeric value that applies across different platforms and programs. And that's basically what it is, a international encoding standard in which is used for encoding different languages, scripts, symbols and others containing letters, digits/numbers and symbol which all characters (characters are the Unicodes) are assigned a numeric value with an U+ on the left side. The Unicode characters, commonly just called characters are the things in which we type, E V E R Y T H I N G. The things I just typed are characters, no more explanation there. The Unicode Consortium (the official list of all Unicodes) goes from U+0000 (Null) in the Basic Multilingual Plane in Basic Latin Block to U+10FFFF, the last of the block Supplementary Private Use Area-B (Note that private use areas don't have names). For more in-depth information, See: The Wikipedia Article

Planes
Main Article: Plane, Wikipedia Article: Plane (Unicode)

Their are 17 planes, 0-16, the table is below

Blocks
Main Article: Block, Wikipedia Article: Unicode Block

There are many blocks in Unicode, blocks happen to be ranges of Unicode points in which certain things that qualify in that category are in, for example, the Basic Latin block contains the Latin letters, digits, symbols and other LEB (standing for Latin, English and British) related symbols. Their are so many blocks so I can't give a simple synopsis, see the Block page for a list of blocks and slightly more information.